Figurative+Language

 Simile: A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by //like// or //as.//
 * Figurative language** is a tool that an author employs (or uses) to help the reader visualize (or see) what is happening in a story or poem. Some common types of figurative language are: simile, metaphor, alliteration, onomatopoeia, idiom, puns, and sensory language.

Class discussion:
 * Simile Example || Two Things Being Compared || Quality/ Characteristic Being Compared ||
 * 1. The baby was like an octopus, grabbing all the cans on the grocery shelves. ||  ||   ||
 * 2. As the teacher entered the room, she muttered under her breath, "This class is like a three-ring circus." ||  ||   ||
 * 3. The pillow was a cloud when I put my head upon it after a long day. ||  ||   ||
 * 4. Ted was as nervous as a cat with a long tail in a room full of rocking chairs. ||  ||   ||
 * 5. Like a city child, the willow tree grows up in the streets. ||  ||   ||

Look at the pictures below - write a simile comparing one quality or characteristic from the two pictures.

1. 

2.



3.

// Complete the "Like What" Poem using your senses and similes. //

__**LIKE WHAT **__

**ANGER __color like__… scarlet like the flames of a fire

__temperature like…__. burning hot like the wick of a candle or stinging like the slap of rejection

__sounds like__…. it sounds like an argument that can’t be won getting louder and louder until its deafening

__smells like__… smells like cinnamon sneaking into my nostrils

__tastes like__… tastes like salty tears and a bloody lip

__looks like__ (size, shape)..... looks like splatter dripping paint on a canvas blending together

__texture like__… (rough, slimy) rough like sandpaper; sharp as porcupine quills

__moves like__…. slithers like a venomous cobra poisoning my thoughts and slowly contaminating my hope.**




 * Cliche -** A **cliché** or **cliche** (pronounced //klee-shay//) is a saying, expression, idea, or element of an artistic work which has been overused to the point of losing its original meaning or effect rendering it a stereotype especially when at some earlier time it was considered meaningful or novel.

Loud like thunder Hotter than Hell Cold like the snow Hot like boiling water  Pink or red like roses Sharp as nails Blue like the sky Hot like the sun Moves like the waves Smooth like a baby's bottom Moves slowly like a snail Sounds like birds chirping Soft like a pillow Looks like a pig sty Smells like a baby's diaper

**Originals:**

Rage moves like a missile locked on its target. (Allen Taylor) Excitement moves like Hula dancers. (Alexa Giles) Pain tastes like the hot salsa that consumes and destroys taste buds. (Elvis Garcia) Happiness smells like freshly made pancakes on a Sunday morning. (Katherine Viana) Depression tastes like sour milk. (Aaron Quaterman) Upset is light blue like a puddle of tears. (Jon Bonilla) Love tastes like sweet candy on Christmas Day. (Brittany Defeo) Happiness is green like the soft spikes of grass. (Juan Velazquez)

[|taste words]

[|smell words]

[|sound words]



**Denotation and Connotation: **

**__Denotation:__** The dictionary definition of a word. "America denotes the country south of Canada and north of Mexico.

**__Connotation:__** The thoughts, feelings, and images associated with a word. "America" connotes freedom, individualism, and opportunity.  Take the following "emotion words" and place a check next to the feeling it gives you: positive, negative, or neutral.
 * Emotion word || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Positive || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Negative || <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Neutral ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Independence ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Freedom ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Obsession ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Anxiety ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Greed ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Bravery ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Relaxation ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Boredom ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Surprise ||  ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">Shock ||  ||   ||   ||

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">**Recognizing Negative and Positive Connotations:**

Imagine you are a business person trying to come up with store names and slogans that convince shoppers to buy your products. Words and phrases that carry positive connotations can help you improve your sales. Below are listed pairs of store names and advertising slogans. Decide which name or slogan in each pair carries positive connotations. Circle the positive slogans and phrases.


 * Store Names:**

1. The Bargain Barn A Shack of Cheap Stuff

2. Used Cars, Inc. Vintage Automobiles

3. Worms and Hooks The Ol' Fishing Hole

4. Pasta Paradise Sloppy Noodles


 * Advertising Slogans:**

5. We sell high-priced shoes. We carry only the highest quality footwear.

6. Cheap clothes for sale. Clothes at a price you can afford.

7. Coziest cabin on the market today. Tiny house for sale.

8. Our workers are all computer nerds. We employ highly skilled technicians.

**Like What: O'Malley Revisions (Sample)

Like What: Pennsylvania Writing Assessment Domain Scoring Guide**



<span style="color: #0a3ed6; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 130%;">Metaphor: A [|figure of speech] in which an implied comparison is made between two unlike things that actually have something in common. It usually involves the words "is" or "are".
 * Metaphor Example || Quality/ Characteristic Shared ||
 * 1. The __inside of the car__ was a __refrigerator__. || Temperature ||
 * 2. The teenage boy's stomach was a bottomless pit. ||  ||
 * 3. Life is a journey and not a destination. ||  ||
 * 4. Memory is a crazy woman that hoards colored rags and throws food away. (Austin O'Malley. ||  ||
 * 5 Men's words are bullets that their enemies take up and make use against them. (George Savile) ||  ||

Complete the following metaphors.

1. Life is (like)_. //<span style="color: #ff00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 144%;">Life is like a roller coaster with so many twists, turns, and bumps that it makes me dizzy. I keep bracing myself for the next big drop. //

2. Love is (like).

3. School is (like) __.

4__. Memories act as _.

__**Find the metaphors in the following poem by underlining them. Circle the two things being compared. Next, in the margin, write the qualities or characteristics which the two objects share, according to the poem.**__ __ **Dreams By Langston Hughes** <span style="color: #800000; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly.

Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. __

<span style="color: #808080; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 120%;">**Writing Activity for Metaphor:

1. On a sheet of paper, write down 3 physical characteristics that you like about yourself:

2. Next write down 3 qualities or characteristics that describe your personality strengths:

3. Select two from each category, utilize metaphors, and create a self-portrait using the following skeleton.

__Self Portrait__

My ........is .............. My ........ are ........... My ........are ............ My ........ is ............. My heart holds......... That is ................. I live in .................. And ........................**


 * Marie O'Malley: Self-Portrait

My hair is amber wheat thick (dense), dry (parched), and flowing in the wind, My eyes are small (miniature) blue (cerulean) pools reflecting the mood that swims (whirls) underneath, My words are fierce daggers cutting (slashing) the deserving or cuddly blankets warming sweet (pleasant) souls. My determination is an unrelenting warrior refusing to submit, My heart holds (contains) hope that is shimmering sunlight hitting (illuminating) the ocean at dawn, I live in a glass house. And I don't throw stones.

**

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